Vundu (Catfish)

In the shadowy depths of Africa’s big rivers lurks a fish few fly anglers have heard of—but those who have, never forget. Meet the Vundu (Heterobranchus longifilis)—Africa’s largest freshwater catfish and a true river monster.

Native to the river systems of sub-Saharan Africa—including the Zambezi, Okavango, Congo, and Rufiji—the Vundu is a massive, air-breathing catfish that can reach lengths of over 5 feet and tip the scales at 100 pounds or more. Though traditionally targeted by bait anglers, this heavyweight is becoming an exotic prize for dedicated fly fishers with a taste for the extreme.

Why Vundu?

Fly fishing for catfish might sound unusual—but Vundu aren’t your average bottom-dwellers. These fish are:

• Aggressive Predators – While often scavengers, large Vundu will actively hunt baitfish, crustaceans, and even small birds.

• Tactile Fighters – Once hooked, they bulldog into deep current and use sheer mass to their advantage.

• Surface Feeders (Sometimes) – At night or during feeding frenzies, they may come up to inhale frogs, birds, or rodents—giving fly anglers a rare surface shot.

• A Unique Challenge – Hooking (and landing) a fish this size on a fly is a true test of patience, strength, and gear.

Where to Find Vundu

The best fly fishing for Vundu happens in slower-moving sections of big rivers with:

• Deep pools

• Submerged timber or structure

• Nighttime feeding zones

Top Vundu rivers include:

• Zambezi River (Zimbabwe/Zambia)

• Rufiji River (Tanzania)

• Okavango Delta (Botswana)

• Congo River (DRC)

Tackle & Techniques

• Rod: 10- to 12-weight rods with a powerful butt section

• Reel: Large arbor with strong drag—these fish do not quit

• Line: Sink-tip or full-sinking lines to get deep quickly

• Leader: 30–50 lb fluorocarbon

• Flies: Big, meaty streamers—think 6–8” baitfish, rabbit strips, or articulated beast patterns. Colors like black, purple, or red do well in murky water.